Converted to NMN then NAD+ via NRK1/NRK2 kinases. Unique entry point into NAD+ biosynthesis salvage pathway. Activates SIRT1, SIRT3 mitochondrial sirtuin, PARPs. Shown to improve mitochondrial function in preclinical models.
Studies have administered: 250–1000mg/day oral; 300mg and 1000mg most studied doses in human trials
Trammell (2016): NR raises blood NAD+ 40–90% in humans. Martens (2018): 1000mg/day for 6 weeks improved systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness in older adults. Multiple safety trials through 2024 demonstrate tolerability.
Generally well-tolerated; mild nausea occasionally; comparatively less flushing than nicotinic acid
These compounds have been examined together in research literature. Combination use is not endorsed or recommended — this information is provided for research context only.
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