Scientific Glossary

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NMN is phosphorylated to NMN-dinucleotide (NMND) and then to NAD+ inside cells. As a direct precursor, NMN can raise NAD+ faster than more distal precursors like tryptophan. Human trials have demonstrated that oral NMN supplementation significantly elevates NAD+ metabolites in blood and muscle tissue. Japanese RCT (Igarashi 2022): 250mg/day NMN improved muscle insulin sensitivity and physical performance metrics in older adults. Note: NMN vs. NR (nicotinamide riboside) comparative research is ongoing.