GHK-Cu (Gly-His-Lys + Cu2+) coordinates copper for tissue repair signaling. Activates 32 tissue remodeling genes, suppresses 21 inflammation genes per genomic studies (Pickart). Anti-fibrotic: reduces TGF-β1 mediated collagen overproduction. Angiogenic: promotes VEGF and FGF-7 in wound beds. Neuro: promotes nerve sprouting.
Studies have administered: Topical: 0.1–5%; Systemic research: 10–100mcg/kg SC in wound and lung models; human systemic very limited
Pickart (30+ year research career): comprehensive genomic characterization. Wound healing: FDA-cleared wound dressings. Lung fibrosis animal models: reversal of established fibrosis. Hair loss: human scalp studies show follicle stimulation. Anti-tumor: growth inhibition in multiple cancer lines.
Topical: excellent safety; systemic: copper toxicity concern at supraphysiological doses; systemic protocols require copper monitoring
These compounds have been examined together in research literature. Combination use is not endorsed or recommended — this information is provided for research context only.
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