Scientific Glossary

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Angiogenesis is triggered by signals including VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), FGF, and PDGF. New blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to healing tissue. BPC-157 is one of the most studied research peptides for its proposed pro-angiogenic effects, particularly via VEGF upregulation. Pathological angiogenesis occurs in cancer and diabetic retinopathy, making angiogenesis a complex two-sided research area.

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VEGF (primarily VEGF-A) binds VEGFR-2 on endothelial cells, triggering proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Critical for wound healing (supplying new blood vessels to healing tissue), normal development, and physiological adaptation to exercise. BPC-157 research consistently shows VEGF upregulation as a proposed mechanism for its tissue repair effects. Pathological VEGF overexpression drives tumor angiogenesis (cancer blood supply) and diabetic retinopathy. Anti-VEGF therapies are standard-of-care for these conditions.