Autophagy induction via inhibition of EP300 acetyltransferase, leading to Atg protein deacetylation and autophagosome formation. Hypusination of eIF5A translation factor. Anti-inflammatory via reducing IL-6, IL-1β production. Stabilizes DNA repair complexes.
Studies have administered: 1.2–3.4mg/day from dietary sources or supplements in observational studies; 1.2mg/day in intervention trials
Eisenberg et al. (2016): dietary spermidine correlated with reduced cardiovascular mortality in 45,000-person cohort. Human trials show improved cognitive performance in older adults. Pilot human trial: improved cognitive function (Austrian group, 2021).
Generally well-tolerated; GI discomfort at high doses; naturally present in many foods
These compounds have been examined together in research literature. Combination use is not endorsed or recommended — this information is provided for research context only.
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